ABSTRACT – This article analyses the judgment concerning the Slagelse case, in which the EU Court was called upon to interpret Council Directive 2000/43/EC implementing the principle of equal treatment between persons irrespective of racial or ethnic origin. First, the article examines the concept of “ethnic origin” highlighting its objective and subjective elements. It then reconstructs the Court’s reasoning regarding the identification of direct and indirect discrimination. Finally, it provides concluding reflections on the role and significance of the judgment within the broader framework of EU anti-discrimination case law.